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Snowy owls joust for the top of a pine tree

A heavily barred snowy owl hovers against a clear blue sky with wings spread wide and feathered legs and talons lowered, high above a pine tip at the lower right, where the edge of a second white owl shows at the frame's edge.

Footage: Thee Owl Queen - Owlology · 3:59 · uploaded January 24, 2020
Written by My Crittercam · published November 6, 2026

The Story

A heavily barred snowy owl hangs over the tip of a pine, wings spread wide, feet lowered. The seat she wants is already taken.

The owl holding the treetop is the male, and he is easy to pick out: the whiter bird, and the smaller one. That fits the species. Females outsize males. Adult females keep some dark markings, males carry the least, and it takes a male several years to turn totally white. The darker flier is the female.

This was no one-off. In 2019, in the last stretch of daylight before sundown, the two owls fought over the tallest perch around, this one pine, and they did it like clockwork, day after day. They chased each other and jousted one another off the top. The photographer who caught it in still frames and fast sequences counts it as a favorite snowy owl encounter.

Why fight over a branch tip? Snowy owls usually hunt from a perch, then chase prey in swift flight and take it in the talons, finding it by sight or by sound; they can pinpoint a rodent moving under snow by ear. The species is generally solitary and territorial, and in winter, females set up territories and defend them until spring. To the people watching, height looked like rank.

Which makes the outcome a small upset. The female has the size. Yet the people on the ground kept a running bet on who would be the last owl standing on the pine, and the winner was the small white one. He stood his ground.

A pine top is foreign ground for this species. Snowy owls breed on open tundra north of the treeline, past the last trees, and winter in open country, from prairies and farmland to coastal marshes and beaches, where they usually perch on the ground, on buildings or on utility poles. Near the end, in slow motion, a barred owl drops from the bare branches of a leafless tree and spreads its wings, every flight feather fanned.

Field Guide

A barred female snowy owl and a whiter, smaller male knock each other off the tallest pine top before sundown, day after day, and the male holds his ground. Full field guide for the Snowy Owl

Common nameSnowy Owl
Scientific nameBubo scandiacus
FamilyStrigidae (Typical owls)
Size24 in (61 cm) long (Audubon); 63 to 73 cm per ADW. Females outsize males.National Audubon Society · Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan · Owl Research Institute
Wingspan4 ft 7 in (1.4 m) per Audubon; ADW gives an average of 170 cm.National Audubon Society · Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan
WeightMales 700-2500 g (1.5-5.5 lbs); females 790-2950 g (2-6.5 lbs).Owl Research Institute
DietLemmings, voles, mice, rabbits and hares, plus birds as big as geese; also fish and carrion.National Audubon Society · Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
Active whenHunts at any hour in Arctic summer daylight; in winter Project SNOWstorm says it is active primarily at night, and field observers see it fairly inactive by day.Owl Research Institute · Project SNOWstorm · Project SNOWstorm
RangeBreeds on Arctic tundra in Alaska and northern Canada; winters in Canada and the northern US, with irruptions farther south.Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan · Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
LifespanOldest known wild bird at least 9 years 5 months; at least 28 years in captivity.Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan
Conservation statusIUCN Red List: Vulnerable; NatureServe global rank G4; COSEWIC (Canada): Threatened, May 2025.NatureServe Explorer
Cam notes · Cameracamera; still photographs and fast-moving sequences
Cam notes · Time of daylate day, before sundown

Habitat

Behavior

Questions

How can you tell a male snowy owl from a female?

Adult females keep some dark markings and outsize males, while males have the least barring. Old males are almost pure white, a change that takes several years.The Peregrine Fund · National Audubon Society · Owl Research Institute

How heavy is a snowy owl?

Males weigh 700-2500 g (1.5-5.5 lbs) and females 790-2950 g (2-6.5 lbs). Audubon gives a length of 24 in (61 cm) and a wingspan of 4 ft 7 in (1.4 m).Owl Research Institute · National Audubon Society

Are snowy owls that turn up far south sick?

Most are not: irruptions south are mostly healthy young owls from a big Arctic breeding year fueled by lemmings. Approximately every four years, many snowy owls irrupt into the northern US in winter.Audubon Magazine (National Audubon Society) · Project SNOWstorm · Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan

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